Acne on the face. Causes and treatment of folk remedies, antibiotics, herbs in adolescents and adults at home

Almost 80% of young people and 10% of adults suffer from acne on the face. The reasons for the formation of acne are different for each age group, respectively, and the treatment is selected individually.

Causes of acne

Due to inflammatory processes in the sebaceous glands of the skin, there is a blockage of the channels through which the fat enters the surface of the skin. This is the main cause of acne. The bacteria present on the skin cannot cope with the high flow of sebum.

Microorganisms begin to multiply and enter the sebaceous canal, which is followed by a reaction of the immune system. As a result of the destruction of organisms of the virulent microflora, pus and redness are formed.

The main causes of acne:

• Failure of hormonal levels;
• Immune system disorders;
• Stress;
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• Humidity, sun and heat.
• Improper nutrition.

Varieties of acne

In medicine, acne is distinguished in the following types:

1. Acne vulgaris (acne). They usually affect adolescents under 20 years of age. Then they disappear. In adults, this type of rash appears in connection with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pituitary disorders.
2. They look like red purulent nodules. They also arise from parasites under the skin, improper facial care, hormonal imbalance, genetic predisposition and unhealthy diet;
3. Whiteheads (milium). This is sebum clogged in the pore. Does not come into contact with air, therefore these formations are white or slightly yellowish. They appear as a result of overactive sebaceous glands. The main localization is the cheeks, temples, nose. Harmful food and an excess of sunlight, climatic conditions, improper hygienic facial care become the main prerequisites for the occurrence of milia;
4. Acne rosacea (rosacea). These are red, purulent nodules that appear due to the expansion of blood vessels. Most often women suffer from them after 30 years. Alcohol, smoking, excessive exposure to the sun or hypothermia, stressful situations can cause them to appear;
5. Blackheads (comedones). It is a rash without inflammation in the form of small black dots, which are clogged sebaceous glands, covered with a plug of dirt and dust. Carbohydrate foods, thyroid and ovarian problems are the main reasons for their spread.Comedones are removed either at home on their own or in specialized salons with regular facial cleansing;
6. Medicinal acne (steroid). These are small, red pustules that cause severe itching and burning. Appear as a result of taking specific drugs. These are glucocorticoids, anabolic steroids and male hormones;
7. Subcutaneous acne. These are dense nodules filled with pus. These pimples are very painful. They cannot be squeezed out on their own, as there is a high risk of severe damage to the skin. The reasons for their occurrence are weak immunity, gastrointestinal disorders, poor nutrition, excessive sweating, chronic diseases and genetic predisposition;
8. Acne conglobata. They are formed due to inflammatory processes in the subcutaneous fatty tissue and look like globular blue-purple acne. They tend to merge with each other, forming groups of inflamed cysts. They are more likely to be affected by men. The cause of the appearance can be diabetes mellitus, infectious diseases, smoking, stress, excess bromine and iodine in food.

Causes of rash in adolescents

During puberty, global changes occur in the young organism. This is especially true of the endocrine system, which is responsible for hormones.

The reasons:

• Dihydrotestosterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone increase dramatically during puberty, which gives an impetus to the active production of sebum. Against this background, microbes multiply, provoking the appearance of acne;
• Stress. Identical problems arise in emotional disorders;
• Improper nutrition. Due to harmful food addictions, a huge amount of toxins accumulates, which then look for and find a way out;
• Failure to comply with hygiene rules;
• Vitamin deficiency;
• The use of alcohol-containing products that dry the skin greatly. Cracks appear on it, where microbes and bacteria enter.

Due to these reasons, acne appears on the face. The causes and treatment of acne are determined by specialists in cosmetology and medicine, who will help and cure them and avoid possible scars. This is especially true for teenagers.

Causes of acne formation in adult women

According to statistics, every 5 woman under 50 suffers from acne.

The initiators of this problem are called:

• Hormonal disbalance. For example, when you cancel the use of contraceptives, when the body, accustomed to a certain dose of hormones, does not receive it;
• The menstrual cycle, menopause and the first trimester of pregnancy also cause acne breakouts;
• Cosmetics of poor quality or containing isopropyl myristate and palmitate;
• Allergy to food, cosmetics, or medicines;
• Increased levels of male hormones;
• Stressful situations;
• Gynecological disorders. For example, hirsutism or polycystic ovary disease;
• Demodex is a skin mite. Lives in hair follicles;
• Heredity;
• Gastrointestinal disorders;
• Tonsils.

Causes of acne formation in adult men

Men are less susceptible to this disease, they develop acne in adolescence and already at an older age.

And although the hormonal background has already stabilized, other factors also serve the appearance of a rash:

• Taking anabolic steroids, which are often abused by bodybuilders and athletes. This type of acne is difficult to treat. But it can disappear on its own as soon as the drug is stopped;
• Men often cut themselves when shaving, which can lead to acne. Since bacteria that cause inflammation enter wounds and cuts;
• Genetic predisposition;
• Poor sleep and nutrition;
• Smoking and alcohol.

Types and stages of acne

Acne on the face is divided into 4 types and has 4 stages of development. The reasons cannot always be accurately identified, but treatment must be started on time, as this will avoid serious consequences.

Kinds:

• Papules are small, dense vesicles that rise above the epidermis;
• Pustules - pimples filled with pus;
• Cyst - a painful bump above the skin of a bluish-red hue;
• Nodules are enlarged pimples. The inflammation goes deeper than in the early stages. Scars are left behind.

Stages:

1. Clogged pores. Dirt, dust and germs adhere to excess sebum. All this gets into the pores, forming a few open and closed comedones;
2. The development of a rash. It is characterized by numerous comedones and papules with inflammatory signs. Purulent paste spreads;
3. Increased inflammatory process. The situation is aggravated by the appearance of nodules. Acne and blackheads merge. Painful sensations intensify when pressed;
4. Severe stage... All types of acne on the face. Boils are formed. The skin is hyperemic. Papules and comedones increase in size.

Treatment for teenage acne

If a teenager suffers from acne, you should not wait until the "dangerous" age has passed so that such a serious emotional problem as deterioration in appearance does not complicate the course of the disease. A dermatologist may refer a teenager to a dietitian. He will indicate the line of products that should be eliminated or added to food.

Depending on the stage of the disease, preparations are prescribed to cleanse the skin. Ointments, lotions, and creams that are combined with antibiotics. Topical preparations are used topically as they dry out healthy skin.

Also, the doctor can apply desincrustation, when the fatty core of the eel is removed using a current. For severe stage, ultrasound is recommended... It painlessly opens sebaceous ducts, eliminates excess sebum and dead cells.

Acne Treatment in Adult Women

The first step is to go to the clinic, where there is an opportunity to be examined by different doctors. This is a gynecologist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, etc. Tests of blood, urine, ultrasound of the thyroid gland, ovaries and uterus are done. Also a biochemical blood test. For more accurate test results, you need to take them early in the morning in the first week of the cycle.

Further, depending on the reasons, appropriate treatment is prescribed. In case of gastrointestinal disorders, antibiotics and prebiotics are prescribed to restore the intestinal microflora. If the problems are in the tonsils, then ENT prescribes antibacterial drugs.

As a last resort - removal of tonsils.

• Medicines. A dermatologist prescribes topical medications - creams, ointments, lotions.
• Exfoliation, facial cleansing, ozone therapy, and mesotherapy will also help clear up the rash.
• Retinoids are effective against acne. These are preparations of the group of vitamins A. However, they should be taken only as directed by a doctor in recommended doses. They affect the condition of the liver and joints. May cause headaches. Not to be taken when planning a pregnancy.
• Ultrasound. After it, the skin is rejuvenated, cleansed and toned.
• Effective for acne and folk remedies. Masks made from natural ingredients will not only help get rid of acne on the face, but also provide general treatment for the whole body, regardless of the causes of the rash.

Acne Treatment in Adult Men

Similar methods are suitable for men. Hormonal drugs are prescribed. For those who suffer from acne due to the use of steroids, it is enough to stop taking them.

If folliculitis develops due to shaving, then you need to change the razor to an electric razor. It is treated with salicylic or glycolic acid to cleanse the pores, in conjunction with retinoids. At a very advanced stage, corticosteroids are prescribed. They are introduced into the focus of inflammation.

Acne treatment in children

When acne on the face appears in a small child, it is difficult to identify the true causes. Accordingly, treatment is limited to preventive actions.

It:

1. Daily bathing with baby soap.If you bathe your baby after a walk (to avoid excessive sweating), do not use detergents;
2. Do not use oily or alcohol-based creams on the rash;
3. Mom should not be nervous during breastfeeding.

Preschoolers need to balance their meals. Wipe face skin once a day with 3% salicylic alcohol solution. Apply antibacterial creams or antibiotic ointments as directed by your doctor. Do not use antiseptics.

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Acne treatment for pregnant women

Recommended for pregnant women:

1. Fruit peels or herbal tinctures;
2. Clay masks;
3. Safe cosmetics;
4. Proper nutrition;
5. Gentle and regular facial cleansing.

Acne medications

Preparations for external use:

• Ointments and creams - have a mild effect and do not dry out the skin much;
• Gels, solutions, lotions are quickly absorbed, penetrating deep into the layers of the skin;
• Antibiotics - are used when the inflammatory process is running;
• Retinoids are powerful drugs. They have many side effects. Are taken to restore intestinal microflora. Take under the strict supervision of a physician. Dry the skin severely;
• Hormonal agents - reduce the activity of androgens;
• Sorbents are cleaning preparations. They collect toxins and remove them from the body.

Benzoyl peroxide for acne

A drug with antibacterial and anti-comedogenic properties. Removing inflammatory processes, exfoliates the skin, which contributes to its recovery. It is part of creams, lotions and ointments.

Application: apply pointwise 2 times a day.
Side effects: dry skin, peeling, swelling.

Preparations with vitamin A for acne

Vitamin A or retinol is an antioxidant. It controls the secretion of sebum and promotes the regeneration of the skin. Contained in butter, cream and egg yolks. Also in red, orange and green fruits, in leaves. It is used together with fats.Application: pointwise on damaged areas, as part of a face mask, injections.Side effects: dry skin, sensitivity to sunlight, conjunctivitis, headache.

Azelaic acid for acne

Another name is carboxylic acid.

Properties:

• Anti-inflammatory;
• Antibacterial;
• Strengthens the epidermis;
• Oxygenates;

Included in creams:

1. Azelik.
2. Skinoren;
3. Azogel.

Application: applied to damaged areas.Side effects: burning and redness are possible.

Salicylic acid for acne

Properties:

• Anti-inflammatory;
• Keratolytic;
• Antiseptic.

Application: wipe the skin with a solution.
Side effects: dries the skin.

Antibiotics for acne

Neutralizes pathogenic bacteria. With inflammation, the mobility of neutrophils is reduced.

Outdoor: creams, ointments, lotions, talkers.Internal: injections and pills.
Used in severe stages or if previous drugs have not helped.
Topical antibiotics are used for topical treatment. Affect the affected areas.

Internal antibiotics affect the entire body. Often they negatively affect the work of the digestive tract. Therefore, they are replaced by intravenous or intramuscular injections.

Differin for acne

French-made gel or cream.

Properties:

• Regulates the metabolism in the cells of the epidermis;
• Cleans the ducts from pollution;
• Normalizes the activity of the sebaceous glands;
• Regenerates skin cells.

Apply 2-3 times a week in a thin layer on clean skin. Do not rub into problem areas. Exclude other external agents.

Chlorhexedin for acne

Antiseptic. Possesses antimicrobial action. It is prescribed for the inflammatory process caused by microorganisms. Apply to the affected area to avoid contamination of other areas.

Acne pills

These are antibiotics, hormonal, retinoids and cleansing.

1. Erythromycin - antimicrobial drug. Take 1 tablet 2 times a day;
2. Levomycetin - antibiotic with bactericidal properties. No more than 2 grams per day;
3. Metronidazole - antibacterial drug. 250 mg 2 times a day;
4. Tetracycline - destroys germs. The dose is prescribed by your doctor;
5. Doxycycline - bacteriostatic drug. 1-2 tablets a day.

Retinoids are used for advanced stages of acne. Hormonal pills have an indirect effect: they normalize the level of hormones in the body. Prescribed by a doctor.

Cleansing tablets cleanse the body of toxins and toxins:

• Lactofiltrum.
• Activated carbon.
• Polypefan.

Folk remedies for acne

Regardless of the reasons for the appearance of acne on the face, folk remedies have an effective method of treatment:

1. Kalina. Acne is rubbed with juice;
2. Pumpkin... Rub the skin with raw pulp;
3. Honey, butter, onions. Mix in equal proportions, boil. Add flour, stir. From the finished mass, mold cakes and apply to the rash;
4. Aloe juice. Heals the skin;
5. Celandine. 1 spoon is filled with 0.5 liters of boiling water. Insist 2 hours. Make lotions for 10 days.

Acne masks

1. Cucumbers. Grate cucumbers and apply on face for 20 minutes;
2. Potatoes. 1 potato, 1 egg white. Mix and apply on skin for 20 minutes;
3. Tomato, olive oil, starch... Mix a spoonful of oil and half a spoonful of starch with chopped tomato. Apply to face for 15 minutes. Wash off with warm water.

Acne lotions

1. Lemon. Pour the juice from half a lemon with a glass of boiling water. Wipe clean 2 times a day;
2. Nettle. A glass of vodka is poured into a glass of nettle. Remove for 10 days in a dark place. Wipe your face 2 times a day. Helps with subcutaneous acne;
3. Calendula. Pour 2 tablespoons of dried herb flowers with a quarter cup of 40% alcohol. Dilute with 1/5 cup water. Insist warm for 2 days. Add 5 g of boric acid 5%. Strain 3 times. Add 4 ml of glycerin. Wipe your face 3-4 times a week.

Water baths for acne

1. 5 grams of string and birch, crush and pour boiling water. Add 3 drops of rose oil. Keep face over steam for about 8 minutes. Then rub with lemon juice. Cleans pores, improves tone;
2. Take 5 grams of plantain and linden, brew. Add 7 drops of bergamot oil. Keep face over steam for about 8 minutes. Treats comedones, tightens pores;
3. Brew 10 grams of calendula with 0.5 liters of water. Add 5 drops of pine oil. Keep face over steam for 3-5 minutes. Rub the rash with boric alcohol.

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Cosmetic procedures for acne

1. Darsonval - improving tone, getting rid of acne and scars, using current pulses;
2. Cryotherapy - cold massage with liquid nitrogen;
3. Mechanical cleaning - squeezing out acne with sterile instruments. Use of masks and special products.

Nutrition against acne

Can:

• meat;
• vegetables;
• a fish;
• dairy products;
• rice and buckwheat;
• olive oil;
• nuts;
• green tea and natural coffee;
• fresh herbs.

You can't:

• pork;
• sugar, chocolate;
• sweet pastries;
• semolina and millet;
• chips and crackers;
• bananas and grapes;
• smoked meats, pickles, canned food and marinade;
• fatty cheeses and cottage cheese;
• soda, coffee and alcohol;
• milk.

How to remove acne marks

The following procedures will help get rid of the scars left after removing acne:

• Laser therapy;
• Chemical peeling;
• Surgical removal;
• Cortisone creams;
• Means based on glycolic or salicylic acid;
• Lemon juice;
• Baking soda;
• Honey.

Prevention of acne

Useful actions:

• Proper nutrition;
• Skin care - cleansing, moisturizing, nourishing;
• Home peeling;
• Visit to a beautician;
• Hypoallergenic cosmetics.

You can't do:

• Touch your face often with your hands;
• Squeeze out acne yourself;
• Use moisturizers or long-lasting foundations;
• Use cosmetics with glycerin, sorbitol, artificial fat substitutes.

Dermatologist Tips

As a preventive measure against acne, dermatologists recommend:

1. Wash your face at least 2 times a day with mild products;
2. Sleep. Get enough sleep;
3. Diet;
4. After cooking, wash your face;
5. Avoid sunlight.

Cosmetologist recommendations

After the appearance of acne on the face, finding out the reasons and the treatment received, cosmetologists advise:

1. Drink plenty of water;
2. Do not use foundation, make-up bases and powder;
3. Follow a diet;
4. Get rid of scars only after the end of the course of treatment.
5. Use masks and lotions to cleanse your skin.

The appearance of blackheads on the face is a cause of concern not only for girls and women, the male half of humanity is also concerned about this phenomenon.

But self-medication is highly discouraged, since the consequences, in the form of abscesses, open wounds and the spread of infection, can lead to more serious problems than a damaged appearance. Only a specialist can choose an effective remedy based on the cause of the rash.

Video about acne on the face. Causes and treatment

Acne on the face, methods of treatment and recommendations:

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