Pigmentation on the face. Causes and treatment at home. Creams, ointments, folk remedies, masks, laser removal

The presence of pigmentation on the body, and in particular on the face, is a complex concept. The emergence of pathologies in violation of the staining of individual areas. To treat an unpleasant problem, it is necessary to identify the cause of the formation. This is the only way to get the desired result.

Types of age spots on the face

Some pigments are responsible for the color of human skin: melanin, bilirubin, hemoglobin, etc. In cases of an increase or decrease in their amount, similar problems arise.

There are several varieties:

1. Freckles... The most common type of pigmentation. Light-skinned people are especially susceptible to it. They appear after prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, as a result, the pigment is unevenly collected in various areas of the skin. Appear on the face, neck, chest, arms. May be small to brown in abundance. As a rule, during cold periods, they disappear or turn pale. With increasing age, their intensity becomes less.
2. Nevi - spots (birthmarks), intensely colored areas with smooth edges. The reasons for the appearance, as in other types of pigmentation, are the unequal distribution of staining cells. Coloring is gentle from beige to brown with dark tones. Anxiety should be caused by the growth of such spots, there is a possibility of degeneration into oncology.
3. Dyschromia during gestation... Pigmentation during pregnancy appears quite often. The color intensity and location are different. After giving birth, such spots disappear. But there are times when they remain, and then cosmetological assistance is needed.
4. Chloasma - are large pigment spots located on the face and mainly occur in young people. They have uneven outlines, gradually merge, turning into one large spot of an involuntary shape. Localized on the neck, ears. They practically do not go to the neckline. Under ultraviolet light, the size increases. Hormonal imbalance is the main cause of such spots.
5. Vitiligo - spots that are not treatable, because they are not fully understood. Rarely found. People with albinism (another name for vitiligo), they do not have or partially have cells that produce melanin. As a result, discolored (no pigment) spots are formed. In the presence of such spots, it is not recommended, and often even prohibited, being in the sun. When exposed to the sun, they can develop into oncology.

Age-related pigmentation is distinguished separately. It is characterized by dark brownish spots of varying size. They appear under excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. They are characterized by the fact that they do not change color under the influence of any factors. For example, like freckles at some time of the year.

Age-related pigmentation is manifested when the hormonal balance changes due to the onset of menopause.

Interruptions in liver function can also be the cause. Allocate:

1. Lentigo - pigmentation inherent in the elderly. Most often they appear in places subject to prolonged exposure to the sun, in places from sunburn. With menopause, lentigo increases.
2. Keratoma - a plaque of round shape, scaly structure. Mostly gray with a yellowish tinge. There is a possibility of transformation into oncological education. Its removal is recommended.
3. Pigmentation spotted (senile freckles), appear on the shoulders, hands.
4. Xanthoma eyelids - spots appear under the eyes, or in the inner corners.

Reasons for the appearance of pigmentation

Pigmentation on the face: causes and treatment (which will be discussed below) is established by a specialist. Their appearance is a process of increased appearance of pigment in the skin.

Areas can be light, reddish, or dark. The shape ranges from even to uneven. Are hereditary or acquired. In such areas, the skin becomes drier, rough and prone to wrinkles.

Common causes of pigmentation:

1. Heredity. The inherited one can manifest itself even at a young age.
2. Lack of vitamins. Melanin is also produced with the help of vitamins; with their deficiency, the skin is more susceptible to external negative factors and brownish spots appear.
3. Ultraviolet light is the main cause of such manifestations.
4. The period of pregnancy, the postpartum period - arise under the influence of changes in the hormonal balance of a woman.
5. Disrupted work of internal organs. Typically the liver, kidneys, stomach.
6. The formation of spots as a result of improper removal of acne.
7. Changes in hormonal balance in general.
8. Stressful states.
9. Incorrectly selected cosmetics, the components of which can cause allergic manifestations.

Is it possible to permanently get rid of age spots

Pigmentation on the face: the causes and treatment are established with the help of qualified assistance, if the causes are really serious. If spots appear as a result of external factors, it is recommended to apply ointments, creams or oils, which are widely available. The main focus is on the quality of specialized cosmetics and the individual characteristics of the skin.

In addition to cosmetic products, a number of cosmetic procedures are offered to eliminate this problem. They have a permanent effect.

These include:

• phototherapy;
• chemical peeling;
• cryotherapy;
• laser peeling;
• dermabrasion;
• ultrasonic peeling.

Using skin lightening products

Pros and cons of skin lightening products

Each specialized care product has certain advantages and disadvantages. To give an assessment, they need to be compared with something. In this case, the comparison will be done in parallel with home remedies and specialized treatments. The main characteristic of whitening products is that they are effective, and the result is not immediately visible.

Positive sides:

1. Compared to specialized procedures, creams are a more gentle method, there is no trauma to the deep layers of the skin.
2. Practical to use, you can use it everywhere.
3. Cope with pigmentation completely, with parallel skin care.
4. Some components can have an additional effect on the elimination of wrinkles, removal of irritation.
5. Available versus specialized treatments.

Cons of using such bleaching products:

1. Expected result in at least a week.
2. The course of use is about a month.
3. Danger of hazardous ingredients in the composition. Some toxic constituents can provoke allergic reactions or even damage.
4. Home remedies are comparatively cheaper than industrial ones.

Whitening products

All industrial bleaching creams are divided into three groups:

1. Contributing to the blockage of melanin production - since they affect melanocytes, their function is inhibited and re-emergence is blocked.
2. With a brightening effect.
3. With double function: lightening and obstacle.

Treatment for pigmentation on the face begins only after establishing the causes.

Among the wide variety of industrial, specialized products, the following popular creams are distinguished:

1. Cream from the Vichy company - Vichy Idealia PRO... Combines efficiency and safety (no harmful ingredients). The action is aimed at removing dark spots and cell production. The composition includes: kombucha, water (thermal), acid (salicylic), adenosine. Suitable for irritated, sensitive, dry skin.
2. Evinal - the action is directed to all types of stains. It is allowed to use under sun protection products. The composition includes: placenta, parsley, corn oil, calendula.
3. Elure from Syneron Medical. The main component is Melanozyme. It removes pigment in the skin layers. It is produced in 2 packages and provides for use in 2 stages: first, the affected areas are treated, and then the whole face, for the complete destruction of melanin.
4. Akhromin produced by the company Alen Mak-Bulgaria - its action is aimed at removing melanin from cells. Effective for freckles. Not recommended for pregnant women and women with sensitive skin. Side effects suggested: causes dryness, rashes and redness may occur. Do not use for acne, exclude use by children. Before using, consult a specialist beautician.
5. Clotrimazole - a universal remedy for the elimination of pigmentation. Effective for inflammation. Relatively inexpensive cost and high efficiency of use. It is considered hypoallergenic, but an individual allergy to the components of the drug is possible. Not recommended for pregnant women.
6. Neotone radiance - cream with light texture, especially suitable for sensitive skin. It can be used as a preventive measure in the summer. Has tremendous sun protection. With licorice root, glycolic and salicylic acids in the composition.
7. Bielita Vitex actively removes pigmentation, is able to affect even dark spots. Fruit acids in the composition are capable of eliminating exfoliated cells. It can be used as a preventive measure. There are no harmful components in the composition.

Terms of use

Since the products are specialized, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the rules for using such cosmetics:

1. Before use, even if the drug contains only harmless components, it is necessary to test for allergic reactions. Apply a certain amount to the inside of the hand and let it stand for a quarter of an hour. Use is permissible in the absence of any skin reactions.
2. Application is foreseen in autumn, winter and spring, when the sun is less active.
3. Apply to cleansed skin in a thin layer.
4. Apply once or twice, according to the instructions.
5. Parallel use of home whitening products is allowed.
6. Limit exposure to the sun and use additional protective equipment.

Selection rules

Before buying, you need to thoroughly study the proposed options, get advice and familiarize yourself with the composition of the cream.

Rules:

1. The basic rule is to choose according to the personal characteristics of the skin. The action of the components is aimed at whitening, if used incorrectly, unwanted side effects may occur.
2. Consider age, size and degree of pigmentation.

   

3. It is recommended to use creams without harmful ingredients, mainly with a high content of natural ones, which soften chemical ones.
4. If a quick result is promised, and the composition contains kojic acid or hydroquinone, you should refrain from buying. These toxic substances act quickly and harm the skin.

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Cosmetic procedures

Laser peeling

Pigmentation on the face (the reasons and treatment are established by a specialist) can be eliminated using a cosmetic lightening procedure - laser peeling.

It is performed in two variations, depending on the type of laser and its effect:

• The first runs on carbon dioxide - CO₂ laser peeling is deep. Under certain settings, it can cut tissue;
• Erbium - the laser beam passes through erbium (a chemical element), affects the keratinized cells, without deep penetration. The skin is not damaged by exposure.

There is cold and hot laser resurfacing - another division into varieties:

• When cold, cells are removed in layers without warming up the lower layers. As a simple exfoliation;
• When hot, in addition to its main function, rejuvenation occurs by stimulating collagen production. This method heats up the lower layers.

Ultrasonic peeling

Pigmentation on the face with ultrasonic cleaning is carried out after identifying the cause using a special apparatus that generates waves of certain frequencies, and they are safe. Treatment involves removing the top layers of the skin. A second procedure is recommended after 2 weeks.

It takes place in several stages:

1. Treatment of the skin with water (mineral), which is designed to cleanse the skin.
2. Treatment with a device that helps open pores and cleanses them.

Chemical peeling

Superficial skin burn using acids: glycolic, fruit, trichloroacetic and salicylic. According to the degree of its concentration, they are distinguished: superficial or deep.

Superficial peeling

When superficial, a weak concentration of fruit acid is used. Operating principle: removal of the top layer of dead cells along with pigmentation. The main plus is a small degree of injury and painlessness. There is some burning sensation, and over time, skin peeling is observed.

The main rule after the procedure, in order to avoid the formation of new spots, is to exclude direct exposure to sunlight.

Deep peeling

Deep peeling is carried out using trichloroacetic or salicylic acid. This is a more traumatic method, but it helps to effectively get rid of blemishes and even fine wrinkles, smooth the skin and even out the complexion.

Before the procedure, an examination is carried out, the selection of a peeling agent, the need for anesthesia. It is necessary to choose the right type of peeling and post-peeling care.

Dermabrasion

Dermabrasion is a mechanical peeling during which deep skin resurfacing occurs. A very tough but effective procedure. Helps get rid of defects forever. There are several types, depending on the depth of exposure and the equipment used. The procedure is carried out only if there is no inflammation.

It is carried out in several stages:

• cleaning and highlighting the necessary areas with a marker;
• anesthesia;
• placement on ice containers;
• grinding is carried out using the selected nozzle;
• freezing with a special spray to remove peeled layers;
• applying a bandage to stop bleeding (with deep grinding);
• the recovery period lasts up to a month.

Phototherapy

Promotes the destruction of cells with a high content of melanin pigment by exposing the skin to flashes of infrared rays special length.The spot, accepting a wave of light, acquires a lighter shade and soon disappears completely. The method is painless: the spots disappear without damaging the skin. This method involves getting rid of pigmentation in several procedures.

Stages:

• the type of skin, the depth of the lesion is considered. The period of treatment, type of radiation is established;
• establishing the absence of contraindications;
• during the procedure, glasses are put on the eyes to protect them from burns;
• cleaning is in progress;
• applying anesthetic and cooling gel;
• with the help of the device, impulse treatment is performed, melanin is destroyed and separated by peeling;
• applying a soothing redness relief to moisturize.

Cryotherapy

The principle of the method is the elimination of stains under the influence of liquid nitrogen. When in contact with the stain, the surface cells are destroyed and at the same time the restoration is stimulated. Since the skin is injured, redness is observed for some time.

The following stages of the procedure are distinguished:

• cleansing areas;
• treatment with nitrogen, spray or stick (cotton);
• the area is inflated, after a few days it decreases, peeling occurs.

Whitening in salons

Whitening is carried out by mechanical, laser and chemical peeling.

Traditional medicine methods

Pigmentation on the face (the causes and treatment can be established in some cases on their own) can be effectively eliminated using folk methods. All modern methods of getting rid of this problem are widely used. But earlier, in the absence of such procedures, women resorted to improvised folk methods and coped with it quite effectively.

Effective remedies include:

1. Lemon juice. Mix a spoonful of juice with liquid (10 tablespoons) and use for wiping. As a mask: mix milk and juice in equal parts with 20 g of yeast.
2. Cucumber juice. Use regular rubbing. Grate the cucumber, use the gruel after the juice as a mask. Can be cut into thin slices and spread over face. Such a product not only brightens, but also moisturizes.
3. Parsley greens. Boil parsley and wipe your face daily. For a tonic effect, make ice cubes from the broth. For the winter, prepare parsley sprigs and, if necessary, make cosmetic ice.
4. Melon. Melon skin compresses.
5. Egg shells. Grind into powder, mix with milk or kefir, use once a week as a scrub.
6. Onion juice. After application, soak, rinse and apply sour cream for a while. Such manipulations are best done at night.
7. Olive oil has a brightening principle of action, and also nourishes the skin.
8. Decoction of rice. Strain the boiled rice, make ice cubes from the liquid and wipe twice.
9. Sweet pepper. Use gruel as a mask.
10. Starch mix with lemon juice, after application, stand for a quarter of an hour.

More complex masks in terms of their constituent components:

1. Dry yeast, grapefruit juice, hydrogen peroxide 3%, lemon juice in equal parts, mix.
2. Parsley, cucumber, currant (red), dandelion (leaves), lemon, white clay, pomegranate chop using a food processor. Wipe face with ice after use.
3. Grind oat flakes, mix with strawberries, sour cream.

Before using the masks, the skin should be clean, ideally steamed. After the procedures, wash your face with cold water or wipe your skin with ice to close the pores.

Removal of pigmentation on the face is sometimes a long procedure, but worthwhile. After determining the exact reasons, you can immediately wait for the treatment result and enjoy the effect.

But the further result will completely depend on the degree of facial care.

Video on the topic: Pigmentation on the face. Causes and treatment

Reasons for the appearance of age spots on the face, treatment:

The reasons for the appearance of unwanted pigmentation: