Exercise for endurance and strength for legs, arms, breathing

Endurance in sports is not muscle. This concept means a person's ability to withstand serious stress. To increase endurance, a special set of exercises is selected.

When a person performs strength exercises, white muscle fibers work in his body, and red ones are responsible for endurance. Red fibers are not so strong, but they have a peculiarity: they are able to work as long as possible, provided there is sufficient oxygen. It is they who are trained during endurance exercises.

Essence and basic principles

Endurance is divided into 2 types: muscle and cardiovascular. The first is how long and at what speed the muscles will repair and contract. Workouts involve frequent repetition of basic exercises. You can do push-ups, pull-ups, squats and perform all exercises in several approaches.

The essence of cardiovascular endurance is how long internal organs are able to work during exercise: lungs, blood vessels, heart. This requires cardio loads: running, jumping rope, cycling.

Endurance exercises are divided into the following types:

1. Aerobic exercise... With their help, it is possible to strengthen the heart muscle and blood vessels, remove extra pounds, preserve muscles and significantly improve lung function. This type of load involves running and swimming.
2. Speed ​​training... Aimed at doing the exercise as quickly as possible.
3. Circular loads... Their essence lies in the fact that they can be performed in a small space, repeating the complex several times. Experts advise doing from 4 to 8 repetitions of the complex, reducing with each new circle the exercise time, increasing the intensity.
4. Special exercises... Their essence is to give the maximum load to a specific muscle group. Such a complex is mainly used by athletes who require strength and endurance in a specific part of the body.

Endurance exercise can help you improve your health. During aerobic exercise, a large amount of oxygen enters the bloodstream, due to which carbohydrates are broken down, transforming into energy, and excess subcutaneous fat is removed.

Also, during training, the number of small capillaries that nourish the skin and all internal organs significantly increases. In this case, the body receives more oxygen and nutrients.

The heart and lungs begin to function better:

• the heart muscle pumps more blood, which means the organs are better supplied;
• mitochondria - energy factories inside cells, grow, improving the functions of each cell;
• the lungs work better, saturating each organ with more oxygen;
• lactic acid dissolves better in muscle fibers;
• red muscle fibers develop better.

Indications for the beginning of use

Endurance exercises can be performed by everyone, with the exception of persons who have a contraindication.You need to start your workout with a minimum load, constantly increasing, complicating and increasing the intensity.

By developing speed and strength endurance, you can do the most serious anaerobic work. As a result, it is possible to come to a set of muscle mass and strength. The relief improves, because working with a large number of repetitions allows you to create the strongest effect, and without it you cannot achieve good fullness and vascularity.

By following the principles of endurance training, you don't have to set specific goals in sports. Nobody forbids doing everything possible to become stronger and faster in order to eventually get rid of those extra pounds.

Contraindications for use

As with any other types of physical activity, endurance training has a number of contraindications.

You should not train endurance for people who have:

• diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
• problems in the respiratory system;
• viral and colds and the period up to 3 weeks after their transfer;
• obesity;
• ailments affecting the joints and spinal column;
• fractures and serious injuries of the limbs;
• weak and deteriorating vision.

Before starting to train endurance, you should definitely consult with a specialist, especially if there are records of chronic ailments in the anamnesis.

Helpful hints

Exercises that help develop endurance have their own differences and characteristics:

1. Endurance loves high-quality recuperation, good nutrition and a moderately active lifestyle.
2. Full rest. Endurance is not a weight loss workout where you need to move as much as possible. Between endurance workouts, you need to give your body proper rest, go to saunas, and do massage. But even a long rest can provoke a violation in the recovery process.
3. Proper nutrition for complete recovery. The diet should be dominated by net carbohydrates. If you can't eat more than the norm, you need up to 6 g per 1 kg of body weight, then you can use drinks for recovery, special gels.
4. Alternate work on strength and endurance. Intensive training includes powerful running, cycling, and swimming. Classic workout - 30 sec. loads, 1 minute moderate pace.
5. Rest between sets should be minimal, and with circuit training, it should not be.
6. The number of repetitions should be at least 12 with a heavy basic program, and with a light program at least 15.
7. It is important to monitor your heart rate during exercise. Be sure to purchase a heart rate monitor and its arrow should not enter the red zone.
8. To get the most benefit, exercise should be done at least 4 times a week.
9. Weight is not required, the main thing is the total load and the number of repetitions.
10. You can listen to music while exercising. With its help, you can easily keep the pace, improve your mood.
11. Include beet juice in the diet. Scientists have proven that it contains a large amount of vitamin C and antioxidants. It helps in getting additional carbohydrates and fights fatigue effectively.

The technique for performing endurance exercises differs from the classical... It will not be possible to build muscle, strength and endurance at the same time. You should train constantly, even a short break will not be beneficial, all the results will be reduced to zero.

Main complex

All exercises aimed at training endurance must be performed within 40 seconds, after which take a 20-second break and repetition. This is the only way to get the maximum load on all muscle groups, the results will be stunning.

During training, you can use a basic complex or choose a special one, taking into account the characteristics of the human body. Here is one of the best complexes that will help you achieve real results in a short time.

Squats

During this exercise, the muscles in the buttocks, calves, abs and tendons located under the knee are loaded.

Execution technique:

1. Stand straight, put your feet shoulder-width apart, socks slightly set aside.
2. The arms are bent in front of you. Sit down as low as possible, stand up and bend your right leg at the knee, pressing it to the body. Pull the knee of the right leg as high as possible to the left elbow.
3. Again, you need to squat and raise your left leg.

Twisting bends

This exercise will help train your abdominal muscles.

Execution technique:

1. You should kneel down. Take a weight in your hands and press it to your chest.
2. Tighten the abdominal muscles as much as possible, lean back.
3. And now, during the tilt, you need to turn the body, then in one direction or the other, but the abdominal muscles must be constantly tense.

Swings

During this exercise, the muscles of the buttocks, shoulders, back, and thighs are involved.

Execution technique:

1. Put your legs a little narrower than your shoulders, bend them at the knees. One hand is extended forward, and the other with a kettlebell is laid back.
2. Stretch your hand with the kettlebell forward, while you need to get up and level. Transfer the weight to the other hand.
3. While squatting, take your hand with the kettlebell back. And get up again.

Wave push-ups

During this exercise, the muscles of the chest, abs and lower back are involved.

Execution technique:

1. Take a lying position, palms are located under the shoulders and firmly pressed to the floor, legs and eyes look at the floor, abdominal muscles are tense. The chin should not be pressed against the chest.
2. Lower the front of the thigh, and then the chest.
3. Then, in the reverse order, lift the chest, and then the thigh. The result should be a wave.

Burpee Squat

This exercise uses the muscles in your calves, chest, abs, thighs, and buttocks.

Execution technique:

1. The emphasis is lying, palms pressed to the floor, located under the shoulders, legs are straight, the gaze is directed downward, the abdominal muscles are tense.
2. Take a squat position from the support lying, do not tear your hands off the floor.
3. Raise your hands and join them in the lock in front of you.
4. Jump out of the squat.
5. Sit down. Take a lying position.

Rock climber

During this exercise, the load is on the muscles of the abdomen, abdomen, chest and thighs.

Execution technique:

1. Take a lying position, arms at shoulder level, straightened.
2. The abdominal muscles are tense. Tear the right leg off the floor and pull forward, the body should be straight.
3. Put your foot on the floor, do the same with your left leg.

The exercise should be done at an intense pace.

Back lunges

The muscles of the buttocks, thighs, shoulders are involved.

Execution technique:

1. In a standing position, feet shoulder-width apart. Hold the kettlebell with both hands on the right shoulder.
2. Lunge back with the left leg, squat so that the thigh of the right leg is parallel to the floor, and the knee is located exactly under the ankle.
3. Return to the starting position by raising your arms with a kettlebell over your head.
4. Now lunge on the other leg.

Hand push-ups

The muscles of the chest, shoulders and elbows are trained.

Execution technique:

1. Kneel with your hands on the floor in front of your shoulders. The stomach is pulled in, the legs are crossed.
2. Bend your arms at the elbows, lower the body to the floor. Continue to strain the body, straighten your arms. Return to starting position, raise your left hand.
3. Put your hand on the floor and do the exercise using the other hand.

Fold

The rectus and oblique abdominal muscles are trained.

Execution technique:

1. Lie on the floor, arms along the body, bend your legs slightly, spread your feet to the sides.
2. Connect two legs, while the left toes should touch the right foot.
3. Return to starting position.
4. Connect the left hand with the right leg, lifting the back from the floor, you need to round it, while the abdominal muscles are as tense as possible, the arms are straight.

Plank

Almost all muscles are tense during this exercise.

Execution technique:

1. Stand in the position of the classic plank with outstretched arms, your back is straight, the pelvis should not go too low.
2. Get down on the right elbow, bending it, then bend the left elbow.
3. Straighten your right hand, and then your left.
4. Do the exercise at a fast pace.

You can develop endurance both at home, performing the set of exercises described above, and by visiting the gym.

In the hall, you can use the following program:

1. It's better to start with running.... Enough 15 minutes. per day, while running should be at a different pace, for example, 1 min. in the fast, and then in the slow. You can run on a treadmill.
2. Jumping rope... Push off while jumping with a full foot. Perform the exercise for at least a quarter of an hour. You can alternate jumping techniques.
3. Squats... They help develop overall endurance. You can squat in classic technique or on 1 leg. You can alternate techniques.
4. Horizontal bar... You can just hang, and after 5 sets of pull-ups perform.
5. Throwing out legs. Standing on all fours, alternately raise your legs, throwing them back as high as possible.
6. Press. Twisting will help make the muscles of the peritoneum more prominent, improve breathing, strengthen the musculoskeletal system.

When drawing up a training program, you should think it over so that it includes exercises that help develop:

• flexibility - helps to move joints without pain;
• muscle endurance;
• muscle strength;
• cardio training;
• body quality.

The approximate schedule of classes, calculated for 7 days, is described in the table below.

You can incorporate dexterity exercises into your workout that differ in the alternation of different techniques. It would be ideal to combine aerobic exercise and strength training. For more effective training, you will definitely need additional equipment: a barbell, dumbbells, parallel bars, a horizontal bar, a bench, a ball, a jump rope.

You can only achieve real results if you train regularly.

Fixing the result

In order for the result to linger for a long time, you cannot immediately abruptly quit the training. Be sure to follow the correct diet, visit the gym, at least 2-3 times a week. If you can't go to the gym, then you can jog at home in the morning, and after that you can do a special exercise.

It is enough to train from 40 minutes and up to an hour every other day, while not taking a break, and the result will remain for a long time. Take a break only in case of shortness of breath and no more than 3 minutes.

When to expect the effect

Endurance will never come on its own, it must be developed through long, exhausting and systematic training.

Professional coaches, who have repeatedly observed the results of their wards, note that visible results can be seen no earlier than after 12 weeks of hard training. And this is only on condition that a person strictly adheres to the training scheme, monitors his diet and does not miss training.

One has only to skip 2-3 sessions and the results will disappear. After that, you will have to start all over again, with persistent training, step by step to go to the intended goal. Endurance exercises require maximum attention and concentration, just like any other type of workout.

Endurance and strength training videos

Endurance and strength training: