Breast plastic surgery. Indications of how the operation is performed with and without implants, results, photos, consequences

Too large breasts with skin stretch marks and ptosis, small breasts, loss of natural attractiveness are a source of female discomfort and disappointment. Using modern medical techniques and the latest technology in the field of aesthetic surgery, you can make your breasts more attractive.

Plastic surgery of the mammary glands allows you to correct the shape, size, nipple-areola complex, and the photos before and after the procedure in our article clearly demonstrate the changes that can be achieved with this technique.

What problems with the breast will plastic help solve?

It is mistakenly believed that plastic surgery is necessary only for aesthetic breast augmentation, in fact, it solves the following problems:

1. Mastoptosis, or deformation, loss of natural volume, prolapse of breast tissue. Plastic surgery allows you to restore the shape and volume of the breast after injuries, physiological changes.
2. Congenital asymmetry of the nipples or the distance between the mammary glands.
3. Hypertrophy. Disproportionately large breast size, which causes discomfort to a woman.
4. Dissatisfaction with breast aesthetics, acquired or congenital defects, scars and stretch marks, completely inverted nipples, missing nipples, areola.
5. In the case of a prophylactic subcutaneous mastectomy.

Corrective surgery is indicated for men for the treatment of gynecomastia (female breast growth). All these problems will help to solve breast plastic surgery. Operations are carried out according to medical indications, the wishes of the patient and his aesthetic ideas about the beauty of the breast.

Contraindications for breast correction

If, during the preparatory measures and during the delivery of tests, neoplasms are detected in the chest, the patient is shown an examination with the participation of a specialist mammologist. Even if the detected neoplasms are benign, the application for plastic surgery can be re-submitted only after they have been removed.

Absolute contraindications for breast plastic surgery:

• pathological blood diseases, impaired blood clotting;
• an acute form of vertebral disease (with breast augmentation);
• exacerbation, the presence of acute infections at the time of the operation;
• severe pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
• diabetes mellitus in decompensated form;
• oncological diseases in the stage of generalization;
• varicose veins;
• severe diseases of internal organs;
• pregnancy, lactation period;
• age up to 18 years (if absolutely necessary, correction can be carried out from 16 years old with the written consent of the parents).

Also, contraindications include mental, mental disorders that do not allow one to realize the degree of intervention, as well as its possible consequences. Any of the contraindications makes the operation impossible until the condition is eliminated or permanently.

Preparing for surgery

Plastic surgery of the mammary glands before and after the photo is an operation that requires preliminary preparation.

As with any surgical procedure, a woman needs to be examined:

1. Complete blood count, biochemistry, coagulation test, HIV, hepatitis, urinalysis.
2. Ultrasound, ECG, fluorography, mammography to exclude neoplasms in the mammary glands.
3. Undergo an examination, get advice from a gynecologist and therapist.
4. Stop taking medications that thin the blood, hormonal contraceptives completely.
5. For two weeks before the operation, completely stop alcoholic beverages, smoking. Do not eat for 3 hours before the operation.

If plastic surgery is performed for the purpose of correction after breastfeeding, it is necessary to withstand a period of 12 months for the complete recovery of the mammary glands.

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Breast plastic surgery

Several modern mammoplasty methods are known:

• Augmentation mammoplasty, or breast enlargement. Classic correction includes the installation of endoprostheses (implants).
• Mastopexy, or a breast lift. If there is deformation or sagging, the procedure allows you to correct the shape of the breast.
• Reduction mammoplasty (reduction in breast size). The effect is achieved by excision of part of the glandular and adipose tissue.
• Correction of the nipple-areola complex (SAK). The operation is performed independently or in combination with other plastic techniques.

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Methods for installing breast implants. How is the operation performed

If breast plastic surgery is performed before and after the photo, the doctor, together with the patient, selects the technique, the strategy of the operation, the method of placing the implants.

There are several basic techniques:

• Subglandular, consists in installing an implant under the mammary glands. The method is the least traumatic, after which the patients recover quickly. But it is good if the breast is of sufficient natural volume, and the skin and internal tissues retain their natural elasticity.
• Subfascial. For the implant, a pocket is formed under the fascia - the connective tissue membrane of the pectoral muscles.
• Submuscular. The technique consists in placing an implant under the pectoral muscle with its preliminary separation from the ribs. The method practically excludes the occurrence of capsular contracture, but it is more traumatic and involves a long recovery period.
• Combined correction... In this technique, the specialist places the upper part of the implant under the pectoral muscle, and the lower part under the gland.

Which of the methods of installing implants to choose, the doctor decides, depending on the individual characteristics, location, shape, degree of tissue density, elasticity, muscle elasticity.

The operation is carried out according to the following plan:

1. Before the operation, the mammary glands are marked with marks for future incisions.
2. The patient is given general or local anesthesia.
3. According to the chosen technique, an incision is made to form a pocket into which the implant is inserted.
4. The surgeon performs the fitting. In place of the future implant, a sizer is placed, similar in shape and size. This is necessary in order to assess the correct preparation of the pocket and the choice of the implant.
5. The sizer is removed, the implant is placed, the incision is sutured. A drain is placed through the puncture to drain fluid to avoid hematoma.

The postoperative period involves wearing a compression garment to fix the new breast in the correct position. The duration of the operation is from 1.5 to 2 hours.

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Breast correction without the use of implants: lipofilling

In addition to the installation of implants, breast plastic surgery can be performed using the lipolifting technique.

In the photo before and after you can see the difference - the volume and size of the breast is corrected by maintaining the own refined fat taken from the donor areas of the patient's body.

This technique is considered the least traumatic, fat cells are injected through small punctures into the subcutaneous and intermuscular space.

The indications for the procedure are the patient's desire to carry out the correction without installing implants. Lipolifting allows you to enlarge the breast by 0.5-1 size, correct the contours, and correct weak local asymmetry.

The operation takes place in three stages:

1. At the first stage, using a special lipographer syringe, material is taken from the patient's donor areas. Cut diameter no more than 5 mm.
2. At the second stage, the autograft (fat) is purified from biological impurities, blood elements, dead fat cells, and other fragments.
3. At the final stage, the graft is inserted through small punctures into the receptor area.

The duration of the operation, which is low-traumatic and safe for general health, is 1-2 hours, after which the patient is under the supervision of a doctor for a day. The advantage of lipolifting is the fact that the cells injected into the chest area are native to the patient's body, which avoids transplant rejection and allergic reactions.

Breast augmentation

Indications for breast augmentation can be medical factors, as well as a natural desire to make it more attractive.

The operation is indicated for women:

• with individual dissatisfaction with the shape, size of the mammary glands;
• with congenital pathology, aplasia;
• with Polland's syndrome;
• after a sharp weight loss, a decrease in breast volume;
• with physiological changes after pregnancy and lactation period;
• after complete or partial mastectomy (removal) of the glands as a result of cancer.

Breast enlargement using implants is considered the most common technique. Implants allow you to achieve any volume and size, it all depends on the chosen endoprosthesis.

Implants are shells filled with saline or liquid silicone. In shape, they can be anatomical or round, in density - soft, dense, soft touch.

Soft ones correspond to natural tissues, but weakly keep their shape, are prone to deformation. Tight and soft touch are not subject to deformation, but the breast will look less natural. Profile and size are also important criteria. The higher the profile, the more pronounced the magnification effect.

Reducing size

Reduction mammoplasty allows you to reduce the volume of the mammary glands.

Indications for surgery:

• pain in the back and behind the sternum due to a large chest;
• disproportion, asymmetry;
• gynecomastia - abnormal proliferation of glandular tissues;
• curvature of the spine and, as a result, deformation of posture under the weight of the mammary glands;
• the presence of psychological discomfort caused by the size, asymmetry of the mammary glands.

The peculiarities of the operation are to remove excess tissue through the T-shaped, anchor, vertical incisions, using liposuction. After undergoing a reduction mammoplasty, it is important to strictly follow the doctor's instructions during the rehabilitation period.

Lift: mastopexy

Aesthetic plastic surgery of the mammary glands before and after the photo allows you to return a beautiful natural appearance to the mammary glands.

Mastopexy is a correction technique that is indicated for women in connection with:

• age physiology;
• loss of natural beauty, breast elasticity after breastfeeding and pregnancy;
• weight loss;
• hormonal changes.

Ptosis - breast prolapse, the degree of ptosis is determined by the position of the nipple to the submammary fold. The peculiarity of the operation is to remove excess fat and skin. For a more beautiful and long-term effect, the mastopexy technique is carried out in conjunction with the installation of implants.

Operation methods:

1. Periareolar mastopexy. An incision is made around the areola.
2. T-shaped mastopexy. For the incision, the anchor method is used - first along the perimeter of the areola of the nipple, then with a vertical incision along the chest fold.
3. Vertical mastopexy. Incisions are made around the areola and in the center of the breast.

The surgery strategy and mastopexy technique are chosen by the doctor after determining the degree of ptosis.

Correction of the nipple or areola

In modern medical centers, breast plastic surgery is performed with the correction of the nipples or areola.

In the photo before and after the operation, you can see that the technique allows you to restore the natural appearance of the nipple or areola, returning the breasts to a holistic and aesthetic appearance.

There are 8 types of nipples:

• sticking out;
• flat;
• swollen;
• pulled inward;
• different or asymmetrically located;
• with a lumpy areola (Montgomery's glands);
• fluffy (with hairs);
• extra nipples.

Women often resort to surgery to correct the shape of their nipples.

Indications for correction:

• excessive areola diameter;
• underdeveloped, inverted nipple;
• with congenital or acquired asymmetry;
• overly long, too wide nipples.
• complete absence of the nipple due to trauma, surgery, congenital anomaly.

Corrective surgery takes less than 1 hour and is performed under local anesthesia. During the operation, it is possible to change the shape, size of the pigmented zone, restore the nipple-areola complex after other operations. The rehabilitation period depends on the individual characteristics of the organism, but it is important to follow the instructions.

Rehabilitation after mammoplasty

The postoperative wound heals within 2-5 days, but the full rehabilitation period after mammoplasty is on average 6-8 weeks.

Doctor's recommendations for the rehabilitation period:

1. In the first few days, it is important to limit physical movements with your hands, especially if the implants were installed under the pectoralis major muscles. To avoid injury and blood accumulation, do not raise your arms above the shoulder line.
2. The first 3 days it is important to control body temperature. The maximum allowable limit is 37.5 C.
3. Severe pain can be reduced with pain relievers. If there is a sharp point pain, consult a doctor immediately.
4. It is important to wear a compression garment for 6 weeks after mammoplasty. It is recommended to sleep 2 weeks exclusively on the back.
5. Limit fluid intake for 3 days to avoid edema. During rehabilitation, alcoholic beverages and smoking are prohibited. Spicy and salty foods are excluded from the diet until the swelling disappears, the likelihood of developing inflammation.
6. The first 4 days do not take a hot bath. On the 5th day with water procedures, you can remove the patch. Avoid actively rubbing postoperative areas with a towel.
7. After the shower, the area of ​​the seams is treated with a swab dipped in an alcohol solution. Active physical activity is resolved after 2 months after mammoplasty.

The entire postoperative period assumes constant contact with the attending physician, this will help to avoid unpleasant complications.

Operation cost

The highest prices for breast correction surgeries are in the Central Federal District.

Mammoplasty price range:

• Breast augmentation surgery with endoprostheses costs from 155,000 to 400,000 rubles. For comparison, in St. Petersburg the price for a similar procedure is from 111,000 rubles.
• The SAC correction in the capital will cost an average of 80,000 rubles.
• Lipolifting - from 120,000 to 150,000 rubles.
• Mastopexy - from 100,000 rubles.
• Breast asymmetry correction - from 65,000 rubles.

The cost of mammoplasty depends on the degree of reliability, the reputation of the clinic, the service offered, the class of equipment, the qualifications of the specialist, the type and quality of endoprostheses.

Possible complications after surgery

Breast plastic surgery is a surgical intervention. Therefore, when making a decision, it is important to look at the photos before and after the operation, as well as to know the possible negative consequences.

Non-professional mammoplasty, as well as non-compliance with recommendations in the postoperative period, can have complications:

• poor quality scars;
• decreased nipple sensitivity;
• the occurrence of asymmetry due to displacement of the implant;
• the appearance of irregularities on the surface of the chest;
• increased body temperature, inflammation;
• endoprosthesis rupture;
• development of fibrous contracture.

Negative consequences can also be caused by the individual reaction of the body to the introduction of implants.

Breast augmentation videos

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