Breast reduction surgery mammoplasty. How much does a facelift cost, types, how to do it for free

Breast reduction is often a forced procedure. The operation is associated with some risks, but women agree to them to get rid of spinal problems and other disorders.

Causes of breast hypertrophy in women and men

It is impossible to establish the exact causes of breast hypertrophy. This process can be genetically predetermined or depend on hormonal levels. Another assumption of scientists associated with this violation is the effect of fermentopathy on the condition of the mammary glands.

Perhaps, sometimes the cause is overweight, but in this case, the amount of fat mass prevails over the volume of glandular tissue. Natural enlargement of the glands is observed during and after pregnancy.

Possibilities of reduction mammoplasty

Reduction mammoplasty is a type of surgical intervention in which the breast is reduced by resection of excess skin and tissue.

The main goals of reduction mammoplasty:

• elimination of excess tissue;
• correction of the nipple, areola;
• getting rid of the stretched skin of the gland.

Each of these disorders manifests itself differently in all patients. The surgeon pre-analyzes each situation, choosing the best tactics for performing mammoplasty.

Breast reduction surgery should be performed using a technique that solves the following tasks:

• the results of the intervention persist for a long time;
• the sensitivity of the external elements of the breast (skin, areola, nipple) is preserved;
• the size of the scars after the intervention is minimal;
• postoperative traces are located in hidden areas;
• symmetrical glands of an aesthetic shape are created;
• glands are reduced, their good nutrition is provided;
• minimized blood loss during surgery.

It is important to prevent the development of complications:

• early - divergence of scars, hematomas, suppuration, nipple power failures;
• late - a decrease in the volume of the glands; change in the shape of the areola, nipple and the entire gland.

Changes in the shape of the areolas and nipples were observed in half of the patients in the postoperative phase. Surgeons are advised to preliminarily discuss these statistics with women, to warn about the risks.

Indications for surgery

Too large glands often cause physical and psychological discomfort to a woman. This is the main indication for reduction mammoplasty. Frequent concomitant disorders are spinal deformities, osteochondrosis.

Also associated with mammary gland hypertrophy:

• mastopathy;
• chronic mastitis;
• diaper rash;
• maceration;
• migraine.

In Europe, America, this type of mammoplasty is a mandatory component of insurance medicine (carried out free of charge), since this procedure is aimed at taking care of the health of the body. It is rarely used as an aesthetic practice.

Technique for large breasts

If the volume of each breast exceeds 0.7 kg, use the T-shaped technique. The doctor traces the areola of the nipple with a scalpel, then draws a line down. Next, the surgeon "draws" a horizontal line with a knife and removes excess tissue. The areola, nipple are separated, pulled up.

If a patient is found to have gigantomastia (the mass of tissue removed is 1 kg), it becomes impossible to implement the described method. The "anchor method" is always combined with mastopexy, liposuction.

This procedure is considered traumatic and involves a long recovery period. One of the possible negative consequences of the procedure is loss of sensitivity of the glands (complete or partial). Breastfeeding after this operation is almost completely excluded.

Technique for small and medium-sized breasts

Breast reduction surgery of medium and small volume (up to 0.5 kg) is performed using the method of vertical reduction mammoplasty. The second name of the procedure is the vertical suture method. The operation carried out using this technique lasts 2 hours. The adipose tissue is removed from the incisions "drawn" around the areola.

The operation is considered less traumatic than the classical technique ("anchor"). There is no need for a breast lift if it is slightly lower. Vertical mammoplasty does not affect the sensitivity of the glands.

There are other techniques for shrinking small glands:

• periareolar incision: consists of 2 incisions along the areolar-nipple zone;
• liposuction: getting rid of fat mass by means of a catheter inserted into a gland (between tissues).

The specialist chooses the optimal technique after fixing the data about the patient (weight, health indicators, age).

Limitations and contraindications

Breast reduction is not recommended if the patient has:

• oncology;
• blood clotting problems;
• emphysema of the lungs;
• cardiovascular disorders;
• hypertension;
• diabetes;
• malfunction of the thyroid gland;
• disease in the acute phase.

It is temporarily forbidden to reduce the glands:

• women during breastfeeding (this restriction applies until the end of the lactation process);
• girls under 18;
• pregnant women;
• women who do not have children (this surgical intervention is allowed only after the birth of a child and the completion of lactation);
• when a viral infection is detected in the patient's body;
• in the case of diagnosed obesity in the patient (surgery is postponed until the body weight decreases and stabilizes).

Special recommendations for the appointment of the procedure:

• surgical intervention of any type is not carried out during menstruation;
• after the end of the restoration procedure, at least 11 months must pass. before planning a pregnancy;
• a patient who has undergone reduction mammoplasty should not breastfeed;
• postpartum lactation must be blocked with hormonal drugs;
• it is desirable to correct the mammary glands no earlier than 1 year after the cessation of breastfeeding.

Comprehensive examination is a mandatory procedure before the surgical weight reduction of the mammary glands.

Preparation period

Breast reduction surgery includes a mandatory preparatory phase, which includes:

1. The consultation of the specialist who conducts the examination interviews the patient.
2. Clinical researches.

Among the studies, the following are mandatory:

• OAM, JSC;
• hormonal background check;
• blood biochemistry;
• assessment of the characteristics of blood clotting;
• determination of the Rh factor, group;
• Ultrasound;
• check for tumor markers;
• analysis for antibodies to HIV;
• determination of the presence of antibodies to the hepatitis virus;
• oncological research;
• ECG;
• fluorography;
• mammography.

After completing all stages of the study, the client visits the surgeon again.

During the examination, the specialist determines:

• a list of necessary drugs for anesthesia;
• the length of the recovery period;
• date, place of the procedure;
• the goals of the surgery;
• technique of the operation.

For the next 3 weeks before the operation, a woman should not:

• be under UV rays (visiting the solarium is prohibited);
• consume drinks containing alcohol, smoke;
• take drugs that negatively affect blood clotting (Analgin, Aspirin);
• take hormonal contraceptive drugs;
• carry out treatment with any medications, dietary supplements, vitamins (with the exception of drugs recommended by the surgeon).

The patient is hospitalized in the morning on the day of the operation or the day before the procedure. Immediately before the intervention, the anesthesiologist comes to the patient to agree on the choice of anesthetic agents and the risks of anesthesia.

It is not recommended to eat for 9 hours before the operation. The last portion of food should be low-calorie.

Procedure progress

Breast restoration is carried out using special methods. The technique is determined by the doctor, taking into account the volume of adipose tissue to be removed, the age of the woman, and the features of the prolapse of the glands.

The table describes the techniques for this type of surgery:

The sequence of actions of the doctor:

1. A preliminary marking is carried out. It is carried out while the patient is sitting on a chair, because in the supine position the glands expand.
2. Guided by the markings, the specialist carries out with a scalpel, removes excess tissue.
3. Areola correction is performed. It is pulled up along with the nipple. Experts do not allow damage to blood vessels, ducts. In general, the surgeon tries to preserve the sensitivity of the glands.
4. Finish the procedure by stitching the incisions. Deep tissues are connected using self-absorbable sutures. Outside, the skin is sutured along the nipple - this is a cosmetic seam. Next, drainage is introduced to remove fluids.
5. A pressure bandage is applied over the seams.

The duration of the plastic procedure is 4 hours. General anesthesia is in effect during this time.

Recovery process

Breast reduction surgery ends with a recovery phase. The hospital stay after such a procedure lasts 48 hours. On the first day, the woman remains in intensive care.

She is prescribed such funds:

• anti-edema drugs;
• pain medications;
• antibacterial drugs.

For 2 weeks after discharge, the woman remains under outpatient supervision, medical supervision. Wound dressing is performed by a specialist. After 8 days, removal of the stitches is allowed. Sometimes the stitches are left for 15 days. Bruises, swelling disappear after 3 weeks.

In the postoperative phase, the patient needs:

• prevent conception (within 7 months);
• refrain from dieting (lost pounds can affect the shape of the glands);
• control physical activity, prevent overwork (up to 6 months);
• do not visit the sauna, jacuzzi, pool, fitness facilities, solarium (at least 3 months);
• cleanse the breasts very carefully using running water; it is prohibited to use washcloths (1.5 months);
• do not use medicines for vasoconstriction, alcohol, cigarettes;
• do not add hot seasonings to dishes, a lot of salt;
• reduce fluid intake (up to 800 ml per day);
• refrain from sexual activity (until the stitches are removed);
• refuse water procedures in the bath (shower is allowed after 4 days);
• during a night's rest, use a pillow in the form of a roller (put under the back); it helps to reduce tension, reduce swelling (by 2 weeks);
• use special underwear to fix the glands (4 months).

It is important to rest a lot after corrective intervention. If you experience discomfort in the glandular area, you must immediately report the problem to the surgeon. The final results of the procedure will be assessed after a year.

Don't miss the most popular column article: Plasmolifting of the face - what it is, how it is performed, results, photos before and after the procedure.

Possible complications

Breast reduction with surgical methods can lead to some problems. There are two types of complications after surgery: early, late. The first ones appear 1 day after the plastic procedure.

Such violations include:

• seroma - fluid accumulation; drainage is introduced to prevent the problem;
• hematoma - an accumulation of blood clots associated with vascular injury; without special treatment, pathology can lead to suppuration;
• necrosis - a consequence of the elimination of a large volume of fat cells, blood circulation failures;
• seam suppuration - the result of bacteria ingress; also occurs with seroma; this complication is eliminated by antibacterial treatment;
• seam divergence - a consequence of tissue tension.

Late pathologies appear during the recovery period (a couple of months after the procedure).

These consequences include:

• impaired sensitivity of the nipples: the entire surface of the nipples or some of their parts becomes insensitive; pathology is recorded after 3 days; with the vertical incision technique, this complication is eliminated independently after six months;
• rough scarring - associated with the elimination of a large amount of tissue;
• thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis;
• change in the shape of the areola, nipple;
• migration of the areola (consequences of a specialist error);
• retraction of the nipple;
• secondary increase in the mass of the gland.

The latter pathology occurs if:

• the cause of the original size of the glands was hormonal disruptions that were not eliminated before the corrective procedure;
• the woman became pregnant;
• a teenage patient underwent the procedure;
• during recovery, body weight changed dramatically.

In order to prevent the development of the listed pathologies, it is important to choose a professional clinic, a proven surgeon with an excellent reputation. It is also necessary to follow the instructions of a specialist.

results

The recovery phase after mammoplasty should last from 6 months. The body is restored, tissues are regenerated, scars heal. It is important at least 6 months. use medical linen, cover the necessary areas with recommended creams. After a year, the glands will form completely.

Will scars remain?

Connecting the tissues after the incision, the specialist makes small stitches in inconspicuous areas (in the lower part of the breast, around the areola). This is a cosmetic necessity. After 6 months. recovery scars begin to fade, disappear. They become invisible even when the chest is bare.

After the classical operation (removal of a large mass of fat), the formation of large scars is expected. If they do not disappear even after the recovery phase, surgical elimination of these deficiencies is allowed.

Pregnancy and childbirth after surgery

Pregnancy planning is allowed after 11 months. after the procedure. If the body has fully recovered - the procedure should not be reflected in pregnancy, childbirth. It is still worth discussing a possible pregnancy with the surgeon.It is not recommended to allow prolonged lactation after any of the techniques performed. The possibility of breastfeeding is also discussed with a specialist.

How to choose a plastic surgery clinic?

First of all, they are looking for reviews on this topic, supported by photos of the corrected breasts.

Studying the proposals of different institutions, they pay attention to:

• availability of accreditation;
• the price of the procedure;
• personnel qualifications;
• reviews about the surgeon.

After reviewing the reviews of different specialists, 3 surgeons with extensive experience are selected. It is important to talk to them before making a decision.

It is worth asking about:

• surgeon qualifications;
• the number of operations performed;
• practiced techniques;
• guaranteed result;
• drugs prescribed for the postoperative phase;
• duration of recovery;
• possible risks;
• postoperative care;
• place of the procedure;
• actions in the event of late negative consequences.

The staff, the chief specialist must ensure that the patient is available around the clock and daily. This is important, because all patients are individual, the reactions of organisms are different.

Prices in public and private clinics, promotions

Most of the institutions specializing in reduction mammoplasty are located in Moscow. The price of the corrective procedure is from 150 thousand rubles. up to 0.4 million rubles.

You can contact one of these clinics:

• Moscow "Center for Plastic Surgery" (from 0.2 million rubles);
• Kaliningrad clinic "Brazil" (150 thousand rubles and more);
• Moscow clinic "Avromed" (at least 250 thousand rubles);
• Moscow Center "Reform" (about 0.2 million rubles);
• Moscow clinic "SM-PLASTIC" (150 thousand rubles).

The listed institutions offer the following services (included in the price):

• anesthesia, medications;
• the procedure itself, the necessary consultations, support during the first weeks of recovery (14 days);
• food, accommodation;
• translator (if necessary);
• transfer services.

In clinics in Israel, Germany, Switzerland, the procedure costs 10 thousand euros (approximate price). It is worth clarifying about promotions when registering for a procedure in any institution.

When will the operation be free? (for insurance)

Some countries (for example, Germany, America) have included such a procedure in their health insurance. In Russia, this plastic surgery is carried out only for a fee, because it is not registered in the CHI.

The volume of the mammary glands affects not only the aesthetic image of a woman, but also her health. If there is a need for breast reduction, it is worth resorting to plastic surgery techniques. For the operation, it is important to consult a professional.

Article design: Mila Friedan

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