The first breast implants appeared in cosmetic surgery in the mid 60s. Since then, they have been widely used in cosmetic clinics around the world, and the materials for their manufacture are constantly being improved.
Breast plastic surgery, as one of the most common procedures in the plastic beauty industry, involves any correction, including enlargement, reduction of mammary glands, changes in the shape of the breast.
To familiarize society with the effectiveness of the procedure, numerous photographs posted by cosmetology clinics on the Internet show the results of the operations - the patient's chest before and after plastic surgery.
Mastopexy
Mastopexy is the most popular type of breast plastic surgery. It is used when a woman has mastoptosis - prolapse and loss of elasticity of the female breast. Mastoptosis is a natural sign of aging of a woman's body, and can also be a genetically determined symptom.
On the Reno scale, there are 3 stages in the development of mastoptosis.
These photographs show breasts before illness and after breast correction surgery. Mastopexy restores firmness and beauty to the breasts.
However, in the presence of mastoptosis, breast plastic is not required. The choice always remains with the woman.The cost of this operation ranges from 200 to 300 thousand rubles.
Augmentation mammoplasty
This type of breast surgery (as seen in the photo before and after the operation) demonstrates the effectiveness of this procedure. Augmentation mammoplasty allows you to change the shape of the breast, as well as to increase its size. It is also called augmentation mammoplasty.
During the procedure, silicone implants are placed in the woman's breasts.
This operation is recommended for those patients whose breasts have undergone prolapse or mastoptosis. Also, augmentation mammoplasty is done by women who naturally have small or underdeveloped breasts.
Re-endoprosthetics
In plastic surgery, this term refers to a repeated operation to reshape the breast. Sometimes it is necessary to correct small defects made during the first mammoplasty.
All possible reasons for re-endoprosthetics are determined by the indications or the direct desire of the client. Often, the mammary glands are deformed due to pregnancy or lactation.
Hormonal changes can displace the nipple, making the breast less elastic. Nevertheless, one should not exclude from the possible indications for this operation a poor-quality implant or the lack of professionalism of a plastic surgeon.
Reduction mammoplasty
Plastic surgery of the mammary glands in the photo before and after reduction mammoplasty shows what can be achieved as a result of this procedure.
The operation allows you to reduce the size of the mammary glands and tighten them. In the process of reduction mammoplasty, doctors remove excess skin and some adipose tissue. This procedure is considered one of the most difficult plastic surgeries. It is divided into several types - ways to reduce the breast.
The main methods of breast reduction include the following:
- Complete removal of internal tissues.
- Removal of excess skin and movement of the nipple-areola complex.
The price of this service is more than 200 thousand rubles.
Correction of the nipple-areola complex
This procedure allows you to change the size and shape of the nipple with the areola. Correction is performed when the nipple is incorrect or inappropriate. This happens with age, change in weight, pregnancy and breastfeeding.
The type of the nipple-areola complex sometimes depends on hereditary predispositions or birth defects.
It should be understood that such a deformation is not a pathology... The procedure for the correction of nipples and areolas begins only if their appearance affects the mental state and complexes of the patient.
Breast liposuction
This type of plastic surgery allows you to remove excess fat in the chest area. The procedure is performed using a cannula. Fat is softened using various methods, making it fluid. Then it is pulled out using a vacuum apparatus and a cannula.
Often liposuction is performed in cases where the patient has too large breastscausing various inconveniences. This operation can be performed with one breast or both. In the first case, the indication is the asymmetry of the mammary glands.
Indications for plastic surgery
Each of the above operations has its own indications.
Augmentation mammoplasty is indicated in the following cases:
- Breast plastic surgery is performed when defects appear after childbirth... This photo shows that the breasts do not look stretched or saggy before delivery.
- With breast reduction due to drastic weight loss. Also, the size of the mammary glands is inherited and may be a genetic predisposition.
- The breast has been removed as a result of a procedure for the treatment of any cancer.
- The chest is underdeveloped.
- The mammary glands are asymmetrical.
The psychological aspect is also important. Because of dissatisfaction with the breasts, girls are forced to wear padding or bras with foam rubber. Patients do not feel confident in themselves, they are squeezed, so the only way out is to have plastic surgery.
The indications for re-endoprosthetics are as follows:
- Damage to the implant. This is a very serious complication, after which the patient needs re-endoprosthetics. Most often, the rupture occurs due to a poor-quality implant.
- Implant rupture. This is a very serious complication, after which the patient needs re-endoprosthetics. Damage occurs due to poor-quality implant, mechanical damage or unprofessional plastic surgeons.
- Wave deformation. This indication arises in connection with an incorrectly fitted implant. Due to the nature of the patient's muscles, an overly heavy implant will be uncomfortable.
- Capsular contracture. This is a complication that is characterized by a lump around the implant. Because of this, it can deform.
- Dystopia - displacement of the prosthesis. This can be due to incorrect pocket formation.
- Leakage or deflation of the implant - a complication arising from a poor-quality or unreliable prosthesis.
- During the first mammoplasty operation, mistakes could be made, due to which bedsores from pressure of the implant on the gland.
There are several indications for changing the nipple-areola complex:
- deformed nipple;
- irregular nipple shape (too elongated or wide);
- hypertrophied nipple;
- partial or complete absence of the pigmentation zone of the skin around the nipples and areola;
- overly inverted nipple - with this indication, a special plastic surgery of the inverted nipples is performed;
- asymmetry of the nipples on different breasts.
Plastic surgery to reduce the mammary glands is not performed only based on the wishes of the patient. These photos show what your breasts might look like before and after surgery.
The indications for breast augmentation surgery are as follows:
- asymmetry due to different breast sizes;
- voluminous breasts that interfere with the patient and cause physical discomfort;
- external discrepancy between the size of the mammary glands and the proportions of the rest of the body.
Contraindications
Contraindications for breast surgery are as follows:
- HIV, hepatitis and other infections;
- critical days;
- autoimmune pathologies;
- serious diseases of the internal organs;
- diabetes;
- lactation, pregnancy, breastfeeding;
- oncological diseases;
- thyroid disease;
- the presence of a pacemaker and serious heart disease;
- injuries and rashes on the skin, tumors in the chest area;
- poor blood clotting.
All of the above plastic surgery operations are contraindicated for minors.
Don't miss the most popular column article: Breast lift without implants - all methods, methods and procedures. Efficiency, before and after photos.Preparing for mammoplasty surgery
After choosing a clinic and a surgeon, the examination begins prior to the operation. First of all, a survey is carried out, which carries 2 tasks.
These include the following:
- Identify all kinds of diseases that are contraindicated in mammoplasty.
- Establish the patient's emotional state. It is necessary to understand whether she is mentally ready for surgery and rehabilitation after it.
The procedure is postponed if the patient has an inappropriate emotional or physical condition.
This happens for the following reasons:
- if the patient is depressed or depressed;
- very worried, experiencing stress;
- sick with colds;
- going through a period of menstruation.
After the interview, the patient needs to consult a group of specialists and pass a number of tests.
These include the following:
- General blood analysis. This will determine the Rh factor, blood group.
- Clinical and biochemical blood tests. They are taken to determine the composition of the blood. In case of anemia, inflammation or an infectious disease, mammoplasty will have to be abandoned.
- Analysis for the detection of HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis.
- Pregnancy test. Mammoplasty is contraindicated for pregnant women because the medications that need to be taken have a negative effect on the fetus. Also, surgical intervention often deprives the patient of the possibility of breastfeeding.
- Blood test for clotting rate. This will exclude the development of thrombosis and heart attack.
- Analysis for immunoglobulin. This is a test of the stability of the immune system and allergy to anesthesia. Also, this analysis allows you to prevent complications after surgery.
- Examination of sex hormones to indicate hormonal levels.
- Analysis for tumor markers. This will provide a percentage probability that the prosthesis will not take root.
In addition to taking tests, you will need to bypass several doctors in order to obtain information about your health. For this, an examination is prescribed by a therapist, mammologist, gynecologist and dentist. The patient should pay attention to taking medication.
It is not recommended to take a number of medications two weeks before the procedure.
Prohibited drugs include the following:
- Aspirin and aspirin-containing drugs. Due to its ability to thin the blood, after taking it, its coagulability decreases. This prevents surgery.
- Steroid drugs, medicines that are needed to prevent hormonal diseases.
- Non-steroidal drugs... They act on the vessel walls and blood flow velocity.
Also a month before the procedure, hormonal methods of protection are contraindicated... They will be allowed to be taken only after a month of rehabilitation.
There are additional preparation measures. During the preoperative period, intense and exhausting training is prohibited. You need to lead a measured and calm lifestyle.
You need to give up junk food, namely: fast food, soda and spicy foods. It is necessary to purchase clothes without fasteners, protruding decorative elements, thick seams.
Shoes should be worn with low heels. It is also recommended to purchase special compression garments designed to support the breast in the postoperative period.
How is the operation going
Mammoplasty is performed under general anesthesia. In time, the operation takes 2-3 hours. The duration of the procedure depends on the degree of complexity. Liposuction is the shortest operation. It lasts no longer than 1 hour.
Before starting the procedure, the surgeon draws lines on the patient's chest with a special medical marker to mark the incision sites.
The operation is divided into the following stages:
- An incision is made along the drawn lines, the location of the future nipple and areola is determined.
- Extraction of excess adipose tissue.
- The nipple-areola complex is raised.
If any difficulties arose during the operation, the specialist installs drainage, which is removed after 2-3 days.
Recovery (rehabilitation) after breast surgery
Post-operative care
When a patient wakes up from anesthesia, she will feel chest pain. Discomfort in the chest area is natural and inevitable. For the first few days, doctors recommend taking pain relievers.
During this time, the woman is in the hospital under the supervision of doctors. They will monitor the patient's condition during rehabilitation. After 3-4 days, if there were no complications, the woman is discharged.
For the first week, the patient will have to sleep on her back. It is not recommended to touch or lie on the chest. You will also need to wear special underwear purchased in advance. For convenience, doctors advise putting something soft under your back to prevent swelling.
The stitches imposed during the operation are removed a week after the procedure. 2 weeks after rehabilitation, it is allowed to take a shower. It is strictly forbidden to touch and feel the breast a lot, to wash it with a hard washcloth.
If breast swelling is noticeable, it is not recommended to take a bath. In this case, it is better to take a light shower. If you use the appropriate drugs recommended by doctors, the swelling should go away.
In the first months after rehabilitation, you cannot actively engage in sports, lift weights.
You can do special exercises for the chest. When 1 month of rehabilitation has passed, the patient should take up salon procedures: do a wrap or apply special serums.
You need to maintain the beauty and health of your breasts. The patient should also monitor her body weight. Fast and uncontrolled weight loss can deplorably affect the shape and size of your breasts.
In the period after the procedure, the woman will have to give up thermal procedures - solarium, baths, saunas. You also have to refrain from air flights and tours to other cities. For the first year, it is better to constantly be under the supervision of the treating plastic surgeon. The first two weeks are not allowed to drive a car and have sex.
Recovery time
After 5 months, the scar will be practically invisible, and the chest will not bring discomfort. Full rehabilitation lasts 1 year. After its expiration, if the girl followed all the recommendations, there should be no complications.
Scar appearance
Plastic surgery of the mammary glands in the photo before and after the operation shows how the scar looks in the initial stages of rehabilitation. The first week the seam will be clearly visible, then it will be removed.
After 2 weeks, the scar in the form of a straight strip under the nipple will be much smaller and less noticeable. After 4 weeks, a barely noticeable red carpet will remain from the scar.
The result of breast plastic surgery
After complete rehabilitation, your breasts will look firm. If a breast augmentation operation has been performed, it will become 1.5 or 2 times larger. Also, the chest will change shape. If it was small before the operation, then it will take on a rounded shape.
This result can last for a very long time. If there are no complications, the breast will retain its shape and size for 5-10 years. However, there are cases where the prosthesis has not been replaced for a longer period of time.
Possible complications after breast surgery
There may be complications after any surgical intervention. Mammoplasty is no exception. This does not mean that there will necessarily be complications. At the moment, this is a fairly widespread operation, which is quite safe.
It should be understood that pain after surgery, bruising and slight swelling are not complications.
Hematoma and seroma
Hematoma and seroma are accumulations of serous fluid or blood in the chest. They occur if the blood vessels were not sutured or injured during the procedure. Often a hematoma appears already during rehabilitation if the vessel bursts.
Poor blood clotting may be the cause, incorrect implant size or sudden pressure drop. The hematoma is removed using a special drainage tube.
Infectious wounds (wounds)
Infectious wounds occur for a number of reasons. Due to ignoring the rules during the operation, an infection can get into the wound. It can also happen due to improper care after the procedure.
The wound can fester if you don't see a doctor right away. First, the patient is prescribed medication and antibacterial therapy. In the worst case, a second procedure. In this case, the implant is removed and it is possible to return it only after 5-6 months.
Keloids and hypertrophic scars
Keloids and hypertrophic scars most often appear when a woman has such a predisposition. This does not affect well-being, but it does not look aesthetically pleasing.
Scars make the breasts look less beautiful. They rise above the skin and take the form of a dense roll. With this complication, doctors cut open the scars and sometimes remove excess tissue.
Capsular fibrous contracture
Capsular fibrous contracture is a complication characterized by the formation of a thickened membrane around the prosthesis. The prerequisites for complications are not yet known, but this problem can only be solved by replacing the prosthesis.
Implant rupture
An implant rupture is a violation of its integrity. If a saline prosthesis ruptures, the mammary glands contract and the breasts lose their original shape. The reason is often the thin shell and the cheapness of the implant.
Nowadays this is practically impossible, but during the beginning of the use of prostheses, such consequences sometimes happened.
Displacement of the breast prosthesis
Displacement of the breast prosthesis causes breast asymmetry after mammoplasty. This may be due to anatomical features, the size of the prosthesis, and improper placement.
Double fold
A double fold is a common breast defect. It appears when the endoprosthesis is incorrectly installed. This complication is corrected only with one more mammoplasty operation.
Calcification
Calcification is a complication that only occurs when a lot of calcium salts have accumulated around the implant. Outwardly, it looks like a seal in the area of the prosthesis.
Allergy to the implant
Allergy to an implant is a rather rare feature of a woman's body. This complication is due to the intolerance of the body to the material from which the implant is made.
Symmastia
Symmastia is a complication that appears as two breasts spliced together. A prerequisite may be close breasts prior to the procedure.
Safety and efficiency of the operation according to experts
Mammoplasty has been successfully practiced for many years in cosmetology and medical centers around the world. Risks during plastic surgery have always been and will be, however, many doctors have enough experience to ensure a good result for more than half of their patients.
Photos before and after plastic surgery on the mammary glands, reviews of women on the Internet prove that successful procedure without serious complications is achieved with 90-95% probability.
Most experts believe that with the right care, a fundamental and serious approach, calmness and patient restraint, this operation is effective and safe.
Useful videos about breast plastic surgery. Photos before and after mammoplasty
Breast plastic surgery (mammoplasty) - what is it, features of the operation, types of implants:
Breast plastic surgery. Photos before and after surgery, result:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX_4Dg9cZ3U
Breast plastic surgery - the cost of plastic surgery, which affects the price:
I had rather large breasts, which caused a lot of inconvenience. After lipofilling, the volume of the bust has decreased, now I feel comfortable.