How a woman is made into a man. Sex reassignment surgery, changing a woman to a man. How is it done, photo

How is sex reassignment surgery performed when a woman is turned into a man or vice versa - few know. This is a complex process that is divided into several lengthy stages. In this case, the modification surgery is carried out last.

Photos before and after gender reassignment of famous personalities

Indications for gender reassignment surgery in women

The main and most important indication for gender reassignment is the discrepancy between physical appearance and psychological self-identification, confirmed by medical specialists.

Long-term psychiatric supervision is necessary to confirm that a woman is transgender.

Contraindications

Contraindications to gender reassignment are:

1. Serious complex current diseases of internal organs, in which any surgical intervention is impossible.
2. The patient's lack of complete confidence in his transsexuality.
3. Pre-retirement and retirement age.
4. Lesbianism.
5. Alcoholism.
6. Mental health disorders.

Stages of preparation for gender reassignment in women

The preparation of a woman for the operation of transformation from a female to a male occurs from both physical and moral sides.

The physical side includes:

1. Observation by a psychiatrist and a sex therapist for 18 months. This is necessary for complete confidence in the need for intervention.
2. Collecting a complete anamnesis with all kinds of tests and analyzes. The absence of any neoplasms in the reproductive system is especially important.
3. Hormone therapy for 12 months. Essential for primary masculinization.
4. The moral side includes a comfortable stay in the role of a man. To do this, experts advise a woman to live like a man for 6-10 months. This will help to finally determine the gender.

How does a sex change operation from a woman to a man take place?

Sex reassignment surgery for women is one of the most difficult. Therefore, surgeons divide it into several stages:

• Removal or correction of primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Depending on the decision of the woman, complete or partial removal of the organs of the reproductive system is performed, the mammary glands are removed.
• Reconstruction of the male genital organs. A phalloplasty or metoidioplasty operation is performed, based on the wishes and physiological capabilities of the patient.

Some clinics offer one-step gender reassignment surgeries. Behind operation time 5-7 hours Vaginectomy is performed along with complete female castration and phalloplasty. The advantage is one rehabilitation period instead of several, lower cost.

The downside is the big load on the body. Guaranteed complications due to the large number of operated tissues.

The recovery period after a woman is turned into a man will be painful and difficult.

Mammoplasty - removal of mammary glands

Sex reassignment mastectomy in women is characterized by the complete removal of lipid and glandular tissue. If necessary, excess skin is excised.

Depending on the size of the breast, mammoplasty takes place in different ways:

• If you have a breast of size AA, A, the tissue around the nipple is incised. Through this hole, tissue is extracted.
• If there is a bust of size B, C, an incision is made under the breast, the mammary gland is removed horizontally through it.
• If you have large breasts of size D or more, the skin is cut vertically. Since it is necessary not only to remove adipose tissue and glands, but also to excise excess skin. And also the localization of the nipple in the anatomically correct place for the male breast.

Ovariectomy or female castration

Ovariectomy is an operation in which the ovaries are removed. It is possible to additionally remove the fallopian tubes. If a woman does not plan to have children in the future, a hysterectomy is performed. If only the ovaries are removed, then closed laparoscopy is performed.

If the uterus is cut out together with the appendages, then an open abdominal operation is performed. It lasts about 2 hours. Primary rehabilitation lasts 5-7 days.

During the rehabilitation period at home, it is necessary to adhere to strict hygiene rules, nutritional rules, and not to overwork.

Vaginectomy

Another stage, how a man is made of a woman, is the removal or stitching of the vagina.

Complete vaginal extraction is performed under general anesthesia or epidural anesthesia. It lasts for several hours. The rehabilitation period is about 2 months... Painful enough. The risk of complications is high.

An alternative to vaginectomy is vaginal correction. Its front and back walls are sewn together. Such an intervention is less traumatic, the rehabilitation time is significantly reduced. It is the correction that surgeons most often recommend.

Phalloplasty: where are organs taken for reconstruction

Penis reconstruction is a complex operation that is carried out by several specialists at once: a plastic surgeon and an andrologist. The most difficult is the formation of the urethra.

The material for creating the phallus is taken from the forearm. The skin there is thin, similar in characteristics to the cover of a man's penis. This method of creating an organ is called radial.

A tube is formed from the flap and transplanted into the groin area. Further, tissue innervation is restored. All connections of arteries, veins, nerves are performed by an andrologist manually.

A similar operation is performed using a thoracodorsal flap.

At the same time, it is possible to make the neophallus of a larger size - 18-24 cm. An erectile prosthesis is installed to imitate arousal.

The installation procedure is carried out separately, after phalloplasty. It takes time for recovery and healing.

Body and face correction with silicone

For a more complete male appearance, mammoplasty and the changes caused by hormonal therapy are not enough for some women. The body and face are corrected using silicone implants. Allocate:

1. Chin endoprosthetics. Visually makes a man out of a woman.
2. Endoprosthetics of biceps. As an alternative to the gym. The effect is identical.
3. Removal of Bish's lumps. Needed for a more structured face.In tandem with the chin, it changes the face very much.
4. Shin prosthetics.

Some women, when changing sex, in order to finally feel like a man, lack only one thing - the presence of a scrotum. It is formed from the outer labia, testicles of the required size are prosthetic.

Liposuction

The distribution of adipose tissue in men and women is different. Men are characterized by abdominal fat and women by gynoid.

Liposuction helps to quickly get rid of fat accumulations in the buttocks and thighs. This will give a masculine appearance to the look. If, after removing excess fat, adhere to a certain principle of nutrition, do not overeat, the result will last for a long time.

Hormone replacement therapy

There are no organs in the female body that produce testosterone and other male hormones. It is also unrealistic to recreate them surgically. That is why it is necessary to take hormonal drugs.

A qualified endocrinologist selects the necessary drugs in an individual dosage before and after the operation. They make the voice coarser and lower, increase the growth of facial and chest hair, and increase the size of the hands and feet. However, this is necessary not only for a comfortable existence in a male form.

Without the proper amount of hormones, after a woman is turned into a man, the processes of physiological attenuation begin in the bodythat can lead to serious illness and death.

That is why, after the removal of the ovaries, the transgender does not stop taking hormones. The doctor only adjusts the dosage. Taking androgens after surgery is a lifelong practice.

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How organs look and work after sex change

Modern gender reassignment surgery has reached certain heights. When performed by an experienced and highly qualified surgeon, the penis will look quite natural, with a visually distinguishable head and trunk.

Penis sensitivity will be low. However, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism and the localization of the implanted tissue. The most sensitive is the penis formed from the thoracodorsal flap.

Since the nerve is transplanted together with the skin. The penis reconstructed by the radiation method is also sensitive. Studies on this issue have not been conducted due to the small number of those who have gone through this operation.

An erection of the neophallus is possible only in the case of a separate operation to insert an erection prosthesis. The operation is possible only after complete recovery of the body after phalloplasty. It is very expensive.

How much does gender reassignment surgery cost - cost, price

As you know, plastic surgery costs a lot of money. The transformation from woman to man is one of the most expensive. The high cost is due to:

• a small number of specialists capable of high-quality implementation of sex change,
• complex of operations,
• complex rehabilitation aimed at minimizing complications.

The total cost of sex reassignment surgeries depends on the set of measures that the woman takes. Estimated prices of the main ones:

• Ovariectomy - about $ 1000;
• Mastectomy - $ 1500-2500;
• Vaginectomy - about $ 3000;
• Phalloplasty - $ 6,000;
• Endoprosthetics of an erection phalloprosthesis - from $ 1000 to $ 4000 (depending on the type of prosthesis)

Since some amputations and transformations can be performed in a single operation, the final cost of a sex change may be less - up to about $ 7,000.

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Rehabilitation (recovery period) in women who have changed their sex

Rehabilitation after making a man out of a woman is based on several points:

1. Leading a calm, healthy lifestyle. Includes proper nutrition, minimal physical activity, self-processing of seams
2. Scheduled examinations by a specialist, strict adherence to his recommendations.
3. Taking hormonal drugs, broad-spectrum antibiotics, pain relievers (if necessary).

The recovery period lasts from six months or more, depending on the characteristics of the organism.

Possible complications in women after gender reassignment

The risk of complications after a woman is turned into a man is very significant. This is due to the high complexity of ectomy. Common complications are as follows:

• Suture inflammation.
• Infectious tissue infection.
• Rejection of the neophallus.
• Loss of sensitivity.
• Slow healing and bleeding.
• Tissue necrosis.

Psychological complications can occur. This is due to a discrepancy between the expected and the received result. Perhaps a feeling of general uncomfortableness from the new look. Desire to return to its original appearance.

Such a complication is extremely rare, since before the implementation of a gender reassignment, a woman strives for a masculine appearance through hormones for several years, undergoes psychological training, living a man's life.

Life after gender reassignment - social adaptation

Social adaptation is one of the most important in the long-term process of gender reassignment. It is complicated by the high intransigence of society towards such people. To some extent, it is impossible to understand their inner state.

To facilitate adaptation, many change their social circle, move to a new job. This happens due to cruel and harsh communication with a transgender person. Having told the closest people about his intentions, a person is faced with manifestations of transphobia. It is expressed in the form of psychological violence, aggressive behavior, rejection of the stated fact.

According to data from foreign and domestic studies, only 30% of transgender people after coming out observed a neutral or self-friendly attitude towards themselves.

How to change sex in Russia

In Russia, sex reassignment surgery can be performed only after a diagnosis of transsexualism has been made.

This requires a certain amount of time - from a year to 3 years, during which a visit to a psychiatrist is mandatory.

After the diagnosis is made, he sends the woman to a medical commission consisting of 3-5 specialists from different fields of medicine. Only the commission is authorized to give referrals for gender reassignment surgery.

There is an opportunity for a fee to go through a commission in a private clinic that has permission for this. This method is faster, but also more expensive.

This is followed by a trip to the endocrinologist who prescribes hormonal therapy. After it, an operation is performed.

In Russia, at the legislative level, changing the passport gender and name is problematic. Since today a sample application has not been developed, according to which a new birth certificate and passport will be issued without any problems. A medical certificate of gender is also required.

However, this does not guarantee success either. In most cases, the registry office refuses to change the documents and you need to go to court.

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Sex change in children

Sex change in childhood is possible only in a few cases: with trauma to the genitals and the impossibility of restoring its function, as well as with congenital pathologies of the reproductive system.

In some countries, hormones are prescribed for a teenager who wants to change sex.They are taken during puberty to prevent secondary sex characteristics from developing and to reduce the development of primary ones. After 18 years, such people can undergo gender reassignment surgery.

How to make a man out of a woman: video review

The first video presents a life story of how a man was made of a woman:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLWnknAtxD8

The second video demonstrates a selection of Before and After photos as proof that a woman can be made into a man:

Making a man out of a woman is possible only for strict medical reasons. Such an operation is often necessary, since people cannot find their place in society and suffer greatly. Suicides are not uncommon among them.